Gossypium spp cultivation method

Gossypium spp picture

Gossypium spp cultivating preparation

1.1 Choose a good breed for Gossypium spp

Choose appropriate gossypium spp planting varieties according to local conditions, tailored to your individual needs, according to soil fertility and your own management level. In principle, the criteria to be mastered are: early maturity without premature aging, strong disease resistance, and good yield.

1.2 Gossypium spp seed drying before sowing

The seeds were dried 15 days before the sowing of Gossypium spp. The method is to spread the Gossypium spp seeds on a dry mat or dry hard ground for 3 to 5 days to break the seed dormancy period and effectively increase the germination rate of seeds. Remember: Don't expose the seeds on concrete, asphalt or plastic sheets to avoid high temperature burns and reduce the germination rate of the seeds.

1.3 Scientific fertilization for Gossypium spp

Implement soil testing and formula fertilization technology, and determine the fertilizer ratio and fertilization amount according to the local soil fertility level and target yield. In accordance with the fertilization principles of "stabilizing nitrogen, suitable phosphorus, supplementing potassium, matching micro" and "combining organic and inorganic" fertilization, generally every 50kg of lint produced needs to absorb pure N: 6~9kg, P2O3: 2~3kg, K2O: 6 ~8kg. It is strongly advocated to increase the application of organic fertilizers to increase the permeability of the soil; to change the condition of soil compaction caused by long-term application of chemical fertilizers.

1.4 Moisture in time for Gossypium spp

Sowing with sufficient moisture content is one of the important measures to ensure that Gossypium spp is fully sown. Generally, moisturization is carried out 10-15 days before the broadcast, and after moisturization, the moisturizer should be raked in time to keep the feet and mouth moist.

1.5 Fine soil preparation for Gossypium spp

Fine soil preparation is one of the important measures to ensure that the seedlings of Gossypium spp are uniform and strong. The requirements for land preparation in cotton fields: First, the surface should be smooth and without ridges; second, the topsoil should be finely fragmented and not large; third, the ground should be clean and free of debris; fourth, the tops and bottoms should be good for sowing.

Seeding technology of Gossypium spp cultivation

2.1 Suitable Gossypium spp sowing date

Sowing at the right time is a key measure to ensure the steady growth of Gossypium spp plants and early budding and flowering, which is beneficial to early maturity, high quality and high yield of dry cotton. Generally, it is advisable to sow when the ground temperature of 5cm is stable through 16C, and the time is about April 20th.

2.2 Gossypium spp seeding amount and seeding depth

The precision planter is selected, the conventional cotton machine uses 1~1.5kg per acre for sowing, and the hybrid cotton machine uses 0.6kg per acre. Gossypium spp has large cotyledons and poor top soil ability. The seeding depth is generally controlled at 3~4cm. Sowing too deep, the top soil is difficult, the temperature is low, the emergence of seedlings is slow, the nutrient consumption is high, the seedlings are weak, and even cause rotten seeds, rotten buds, and lack of seedlings; too shallow sowing, easy to fall dry, will also cause lack of seedlings and ridges.

2.3 Reasonable density of Gossypium spp cultivation

The Gossypium spp cultivation method in Dangqian County is still based on large and small row planting. For general cotton fields (250~300kg seed cotton per mu), the recommended density per acre is about 3200; for high-yield cotton fields (300~350kg seed cotton per acre), the recommended density is about 3000 plants per acre; the small row spacing is 50-55cm, and the large row spacing is 100-120cm. Flexible control according to density requirements. For hybrid Gossypium spp or super high-yield Gossypium spp fields (above 350kg seed cotton per acre) or cotton fields with simplified pruning cultivation, it is recommended to plant Gossypium spp in rows with a density of 2000-2500 plants per mu, with a width of about 100 cm.

Field management of Gossypium spp cultivation

3.1 Gossypium spp time seedlings, fixed seedlings

Seedlings are fixed when the first true leaf appears on the plant and 3 true leaves appear.

3.2 Gossypium spp Cultivation loosens the soil, increases temperature and protects moisture.

Especially after the rain, it is necessary to cultivate and loosen the soil in time to break the compaction, loosen the moisture and increase the temperature, which can effectively suppress the occurrence of Gossypium spp seedling diseases. Generally, the cultivating depth does not exceed 5cm.

3.3 Scientific pruning for Gossypium spp

3.3.1 Bud period: reasonable pruning according to different planting densities. For conventional cotton with a density of about 3000 acres, when the fruit branches and leaf branches of Gossypium spp are seen, the leaf branches should be removed, but the large leaves of Gossypium spp at the lower part of the main stem should be kept, and 1~2 leaf branches should be left where there are missing seedlings and broken ridges. . For cotton fields with a density of 2500-2800 acres, simplified pruning can be adopted, leaving 1 to 3 leaf branches, which can make full use of the space, and can set up peach early to prevent excessive nutrient growth. Hybrid Gossypium spp may not be pruned due to the large row spacing and small number of plants. 3 to 5 leaf branches are reserved.

3.3.2 Flowering and boll stage: A single plant of conventional Gossypium spp can retain 13 to 14 fruit branches, and a single plant of hybrid Gossypium spp can retain 16 to 17 fruit branches. It is necessary to remove empty trees and branches in time to prevent soil nutrient loss and improve field ventilation and light conditions.

3.3.3 Timely topping the heart, removing the side heart. Generally, from July 15th to 20th, when a single Gossypium spp reaches 14 fruiting branches, the topping is carried out, and it does not exceed Liqiu at the latest. On August 10, pluck the side heart, wipe the buds, and remove the empty branches, and strive to reach the full waist of the peach and the top of the autumn peach.

3.3.4 Full-process control. It should be flexibly controlled according to the characteristics of Gossypium spp variety, growth, soil moisture, planting density, etc. Rain is frequent, the amount of rainfall is large, and the plant grows. Early spray in the vigorous period, and the short plant in the dry weather is sprayed late in the suitable period. Generally, the Gossypium spp field starts to spray at the budding stage, and according to the principle of increasing the amount of medicine, the amount of amine used per acre is: 1g at budding stage, 2g at budding stage, 3g at blooming stage, and 4~5g at blooming stage. 

3.4 Remove the film in time for Gossypium spp

The time of uncovering the film should be controlled at the beginning of the cotton bud. Because the warming effect of the mulching film at this time gradually fades, and the normal infiltration of rainwater is prevented, which is unfavorable to the root system of Gossypium spp, which not only affects the absorption of water and fertilizer by the root system, but also easily causes the lodging and premature senescence of Gossypium spp. The time to uncover the film is generally at the end of June. By the beginning of July, the combination of uncovering the film and cultivating the soil will not only benefit the development of the root system, play a role in controlling the growth and promoting the down, controlling the buds and promoting the flowers, but also can prevent the lodging and premature aging of Gossypium spp.