Tilia tuan profile

Tilia tuan is a member of Tilia tuan family and Tilia tuan genus. Tilia tuan is a rare and key protected plant in China.20 m tall; Bark is gray, straight crack; Branchlets are nearly bald, terminal buds glabrous or hirsute, leaves broadly ovate, cymes long, sessile, sepals oblong-lanceolate, fruit globose. Tilia tuan distributes in the north temperate and subtropical zone. It has economic, edible, medical and other values.Tilia is its variety.

Tilia Tuan picture

Morphological characteristics of Tilia Tuan

Tilia Tuan (original variety), trees, 20 m tall, gray bark, straight split; Branchlets are subbald, terminal bud glabrous or glabrous. Leaves are ovoid, 7-14 cm long, 5.5-9 cm wide, apex mucronate or acuminate, base unilateral cordiform or oblique truncate, glabrous above, below the first star-shaped velutinous hair, later bald, in the axils of veins with hair, dry gray or brownish green, lateral veins 6-7 pairs, the edge of the upper half with sparse and small odontoid;Petiole 3-5 cm long, subbald. Cymes of Tilia tuan are 8 -- 13 cm long, glabrous; Pedicle is 7-9 mm long; Bracts of Tilia tuan are narrow oblanceolate, 10 -- 16 cm long, 1.5 -- 2.5 cm wide, sessile, apex obtuse, base rounded or cuneate, usually glabrous above, stellate pilose below, lower half 5 -- 7 cm connate with inflorescence stalk; Sepals of Tilia tuan are oblong-lanceolate, 5 mm long, velutinous, with long velutinous hairs on the inner surface; Petals are 7-8 mm long; Stamens of Tilia tuan are 6-7 mm long;Stamens 5 mm long; Ovary hairy, style 4-5 mm long. Fruit is spherical, 8-10 mm wide, no edges, a small protrusion, by a stellate fuzz. 

Ecological habits of Tilia Tuan

Tilia Tuan is suitable for deep, fertile, moist soil. Tilia tuan can be grown in valleys and slopes.Its deep root. Medium growth rate, strong germination. Tilia tuan like light, seedlings, saplings are more tolerant to shade, warm cool moist climate. Often single scattered in the Korean pine broad-leaved mixed forest. Tilia tuan is strict to soil requirements, like moist soil with good fertilizer, drainage, not resistant to water wet marshland, cold, strong anti-toxicity, little insect pests.

The distribution region of Tilia Tuan

Tilia tuan is mainly distributed in the north temperate zone and subtropical zone. Tilia tuan was produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shaanxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi. Tilia Tuan has the largest distribution in Wanda Mountain, which runs through the two municipal districts of Jixi and Shuangyashan in Heilongjiang Province, as well as Nadan Hadala Ridge between Muling River and Naoli River in Mishan, Hulin, Baoqing and Rao River.

Tilia Tuan growing methods

Semination

Seed collection: when the seeds of Tilia tuan are slightly brown, dry in the shade, remove the stalks, bracts, etc. After the seed collection by the sun, to remove miscellaneous, can get pure seeds. The suitable water content of stored seeds is 10%~12%. Seed purity required 75%~90%.

Accelerating germination: Tilia tuan seeds are dormant and do not undergo accelerated germination treatment. Poor germination, even the year did not germinate. Seed treatment was carried out 90~100 days before sowing. The seeds were soaked in 40 CC warm water for 3 days and 3 nights before being extracted. After drying, the seeds were soaked in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 5h. The seeds of Tilia tuan are then pulled out, dried and ready to accelerate germination. Sprout accelerating method: in the room, mix evenly according to the volume ratio of seed sand 1:2, and keep the sand humidity at 60%. The first stage of warm and wet treatment. The seed temperature was 15℃~20℃, and the duration was about 45 days, and then the seed was treated in the cold and wet stage. The temperature of sand planting is 3℃~5℃, and the duration is more than 45d. Turn the seeds of Tilia tuan often, until the seed split rate of 30% can be planted.

Ground preparation and bed preparation: select sandy loam plots with fertile soil, loose structure, abundant humus and good drainage to prepare the ground and make beds for seedling cultivation. 5 days before the spring sowing, prepare the ground, remove the stones and weeds completely, apply enough fertilizer, turn the shallow fine rake, and make a seedbed 15~20cm high, 1.2cm wide and 20~30m long. Rake fine and level the bed surface, and then pour water for one time. When the water penetrates the bed surface a little dry, you can sow.

Sow: ridge or bed planting. Sowing land per hectare to apply rotten base fertilizer 60000 ~ 70000 kg, spring sowing ridge farming is better. The ridge width is 60cm, ridge platform width is 30cm, ridge height is 15cm. After sowing, cover with soil 10~15cm.Squeeze once or twice with a wooden roll. The soil needs to be kept moist before emergence. Sowing amount and soil thickness are determined by seed size. Sow about 5kg of linden per acre, and cover the soil with a thickness of 1cm. Most of the well-treated seeds germinate 15~20 days after sowing, and the seedlings need to be sheltered to prevent sunburn.

Management  

Spraying herbicide: after sowing with weeding ether weeding, each acre with 25% wettable powder 500-600g, or with 25% weeding ether emulsion 500ml and 50% net wettable powder 50g mixed use, water 50kg or so, directional spray, evenly applied on the soil surface. Do not water in the first 1 day after application, and always keep the seedbed moist, but do not water.

Thinning and fixing: when the seedlings grow to 1.5~2cm high time seedlings, about 250 seedlings should be kept per square meter; When seedlings grow to 2.5~3.0cm high seedlings, seedlings per square meter to leave about 200 plants, seedlings should be watered in time.

Watering and fertilization: seedlings of Tilia tuan should be watered in line with the principle of less amount of time, seedlings 2~3 days later available 0.5% urea top dressing 1 time.

Weeding: remove weeds in time, and loosen the soil in the middle tillage to increase the permeability of the soil.

Continue to nurture: the 2nd year can not be transplanted seedlings, still need to stay a bed growth for 1 years, timely top fertilizer 2 times. Spray ammonium sulfate 1 times in the spring of the second year, ammonium sulfate per mu dosage of 10kg, spray to see the timely use of clean water to wash seedlings, to prevent the occurrence of drug harm.Weeding and soil loosening should be done at the same time.

Disease control of Tilia Tuan

Found to timely prevention and control of pests, Tilia tuan less plant diseases and insect pests, mainly the prevention of gypsy moth, bionic control can be used, available for urea 20% 25% of the 4000 ~ 5000 times liquid or show urea Ⅲ number 1500 times liquid spray control.

Species classification of Tilia Tuan

Tiliatuanvar. chinensis Rehd. Et Wils.

The twigs and terminal buds have hairs;Leaves broadly ovate, 10-12 cm long, 7-10 cm wide, there are gray star-shaped hairs below, the edge is clearly serrated;Inflorescence with 16-22 flowers;Bracts 8 -- 12 cm long, sessile.The fruit is spherical.

The function of Tilia Tuan

The economic value

Tilia tuan flowers with nectaries, aromatic, for the excellent nectar source tree species. The fiber can be used to make sacks, twisted ropes, artificial cotton, gunpowder guide wire, and straw shoes.Aromatic oils are extracted from flowers.Leaves can be fed to pigs.

Tilia Tuan is white and soft, which makes it an excellent wood tree. Its texture is fine, is the main type of plywood manufacturing, and can be made of cabinets or for wood carving, but also can do a variety of tools such as spades, steamer, rings; Foresters mostly use Tilia tuan as a cutting board for cutting vegetables. Because its are fine and light soft, bulge shrink force is small not out of shape, Tilia tuan is the important timber on the building is planted, always have "broad-leaved Korean pine" say, one's early years builds a house to cannot afford Korean pine, a lot of families do doors and Windows with basswood. Beekeeping production, some beehives are also made of basswood.

Edible value

The linden flower of Tilia tuan is very small, each flower consists of five petals, five stigmas, the middle of which contains a glittering liquid. The nectar of Tilia is glittering and translucent in color, mellow and sweet, coagulated like fat after crystallization, white as snow, with unique flavor and known as white honey. 

Medicinal value

Tilia tuan function: dispelling wind and dehumidifying; Activating blood and relieving pain;A cough. Main rheumatism arthralgia; Numbness of limbs; A fall injury; Chronic cough.

Ornamental value

Tilia Tuan is a beautiful tree with fragrant flowers and strong resistance to harmful gases. Tilia tuan can be used as a landscaping tree.