Pin oak (Quercus palustris) profile

Pin oak, scientific name Quercus palustris, is a generic name for the Fagaceae family, including the genera Quercus, Cyclobalanopsis, and Coraceae, usually referring to the genus Quercus, but not to any particular tree. The genus Quercus has 615 species, of which 450 are from Quercus and 188 are from Quercus. The fruit of Pin oak is called acorn, and the wood is generally called oak. Pin oak is the world's largest flowering plant;It has a long life span, with a lifespan of up to 400 years. The fruit is nutty, hairy at one end and smooth at the other. Pin oak is beautiful and delicious (not eaten by humans). Pin oak is the best food for squirrels and other animals .A Jurupa Pin oak tree in California has been around for at least 13,000 years and may be the world's oldest known living organism, a study has found. Xinhua News Agency sent a special message on the morning of April 30, 2001. The American Arbor Day Foundation announced that Pin Oak had been chosen as the National Tree of the United States after an online vote.

Pin oak picture

Morphological characteristics of Pin oak

Pin oak is a deciduous or evergreen tree, up to 25 to 30 m or more. Bark is dark grayish brown, slightly smooth. Branchlets are brown, glabrous. Winter bud is long ovate, long 3-5 mm, glabrous, bud scales dark brown, most, imbricate arrangement. Leaf blade of Pin oak is ovate or elliptic, 10 -- 20 cm long, 7 -- 10 cm wide, apically acuminate, basally cuneate, margin 5 -- 7 pinnately lobed on each side, lobes with finely lobed teeth, leaf surface dark green, back light green, glabrous or with tufts of hairs in vein axils; Petiole of Pin oak is 2.5 -- 5 cm long, glabrous when old. Male inflorescences open at the same time as leaves, in clusters; Female flowers of Pin oak are solitary or 2-3 on peduncles ca. 1 cm long.

Carpe of Pin oak is cup-shaped, covering 1/4-1/3 nuts, 1.5-1.8 cm in diameter, 1-1.2 cm high; Bracteoles are triangular, densely imbricate, glabrous and lustrous. Nuts are long elliptic, about 1.5 cm in diameter, 2-2.5 cm high, light brown, by thin villi, after gradually falling off; The top is round with a small column base; Fruit umbilicus of umbilicus are flat or slightly concave. Pin oak is resistant to water and moisture. Nuts contain 46.1% starch, 10.6% tannin, 12.6% oil and 7.4% protein.

The ecological habits of Pin oak

Pin oak is adversity resistant, dry, high temperature and water moisture resistance, frost resistance and urban environmental pollution, wind resistance, like good drainage soil, but can also grow in the heavy clay soil. Pin Oak likes sandy loam or well-drained slightly acidic soil. It is resistant to environmental pollution and has strong adaptability to poor, arid, acidic or alkaline soil. Pin Oak grows at a moderate rate and grows 60 cm per year on moist, well-drained soil.

The distribution area of Pin Oak

Pin oak distributes in Portugal, Liaoning xiongyue, Beijing, Shandong tai 'an, Qingdao, western mountainous area of Hebei, western mountainous area of Hubei (Enshi Prefecture, Changyang area), Henan;Ankang has cultivation.

How Pin Oak propagates

Pin oak is mainly propagated from seed.

Pin oak seed propagation, seeds do not need to be treated and can germinate, but germination time is longer. If the seed is treated at 5 degrees Celsius for 30 to 45 days before sowing, the germination rate can be increased, and the germination can take 2-3 weeks. Each 667 square meters (1 mu) of sowing amount between 100 and 250 kilograms, the seeds of Pin oak should be placed horizontally to facilitate the growth of radicle downward. The thickness of the soil is 2-5 cm, and the height of the seedlings can reach 20-40 cm.

Pin oak growing methods

1) Sowing and seedling selection of robust mother trees of suitable age (20-80 years old), seed selection of purebred species at suitable time, careful selection of fine seed selection of nursery deep ploughing, harrowing, grinding, furrowing and drilling fine management of suitable sowing amount and density of seedling cutting root, etc.

2) Cutting seedling: high survival rate of shoots cutting. The survival rate of young branch cuttings of Pin oak was 56%, the survival rate of hard branch cuttings was 10%, and the survival rate of young branch cuttings of Pin oak was 60%-70%.

3) Grafting of seedlings, such as Quercus variegata and other PIN Oak scions collected at different periods showed that the grafting survival rate was high in spring germination period;

4) Container seedling cultivation: it is beneficial to improve the survival rate of afforestation. According to Anhui Provincial Institute of Forestry, the survival rate of container seedlings reached 80%~100% after 60 days of mountain afforestation.

Species taxonomy of Pin oak

Widely distributed in our country the Pin oak resources distribution is very wide such as oak (Quercus l.) of cyclobalanopsis oak east from the Yangtze river estuary by anhui dabie mountain on the north shaanxi Qin Lingna slope on the west of sichuan, yunnan, south to hainan throughout large areas of Quercus aquifolioides class more growth in tropical mountains, mainly distributed in yunnan and the neighboring sichuan and Tibet and other regions in guizhou at an altitude of about 1500 ~ 3500 m zone; German oak class mainly distributed in yunnan, guizhou, sichuan, guangdong, hainan, guangxi, hunan, hubei, jiangxi, anhui, zhejiang, jiangsu, fujian, Taiwan, shandong, henan, shaanxi, shanxi, hebei and liaoning and other places, from temperate summer until the greenwood tropical evergreen forest, from low altitude of 200 m to 2500 m high altitude quercus variabilis is 800 ~ 1600M) both plains and hills, mountains, hills, valleys has its distribution lobular German oak is only produced in zhejiang, hubei and anhui Oriental white oak from the greater hinggan mountains in northeast to southwest of gaoligong mountains, more widely distributed than German oak class except western xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, qinghai and Tibet from cool, temperate and warm temperate to subtropical has its type. It can be said that Pin Oak is distributed in all provinces and municipalities in China. Xinjiang can also introduce and cultivate summer oak (Q. robur L.).

There are about 350 species of Quercus, and about 140 species in China.1) deciduous Quercus are mainly: Quercus acutissimna (Q. roninbilis) Quercus vilifera (Q. cheni) Liaotungens, also known as oak (Q.alienu), Quercus quercus (Q. Dtentou) Mongolia Quercus (Q. Mongolica), Quercus white (Q. Fubri) oaklet (Q.

The main green Quercus species are Q. glaunca, Q. myrsinaefolia, Q. semicarpifolia, Q. francheni, Q. senescens, Q. monimotricha and Q. giliana.

Pin oak main value

Wood: The interior of Pin oak is filled with many honeycombed structures. The inside of the honeycomb is filled with air, so the cork is very elastic. Cork itself is very wear-resistant, the cylinder pad of each country engine uses a lot of cork as raw material.

In addition, Pin oak is moisture-proof and moth-proof, ensuring that the wine will not pass with age in a dark, damp cellar. This all-natural material, which is harmless to the human body, has been widely used in the production of wine and champagne stoppers for more than 100 years.